GHS
Over time, several countries and organizations have developed laws or regulations that require information on chemicals’ hazard properties, which is to be transmitted to those using chemicals by labels or Safety Data Sheets (SDS). While these existing laws or regulations are similar in many respects around the globe, there are some differences (e.g., in the classification criteria) that were significant enough to result in different labels or Safety Data Sheets for the same product in different countries and regions.
In view of the reality of the extensive and increasing global trade in chemicals, the need for developing an internationally harmonised approach to classification and labelling was identified at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED, 1992).
It was recognised that having an internationally harmonised approach to classification and labelling would improve the consistency and the appropriateness of the information circulated on chemicals and ultimately enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport and use of these chemicals.
This approach, called the "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)”, addresses the classification of chemicals based on the types of hazards posed by chemicals and proposes harmonised hazard communication including labels and safety data sheets.
In addition to the harmonisation of the various existing classification and labelling systems and the rules for transport of dangerous goods, GHS also has the aim to serve as a harmonised basis for countries that do not have it yet, but who want to establish a classification, labelling and hazard communication system.
The GHS uses a building block approach, to allow countries to decide up to which level they want to go and/ or allow countries or regions with existing systems to retain aspects that are not yet part of GHS.
The UN Committee of Experts for the Transport of Dangerous Goods and the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals formally adopted the GHS in December 2002. The first revised edition of the GHS was adopted in December 2004 and published in 2005. Since then, the GHS text has been updated every two years. The latest version can be found here
Information about the status of implementation by country is available here
Last page update: 30 October 2023